Removal of free chlorine by sodium bisulphite (SBS) or sodium metabisulphite (SMBS) dosing before TFC Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes. Residual chlorine above 0.1 mg/L (milligrams per litre) irreversibly damages polyamide membranes.
Coefficient of Variation (CoV) ≤0.05 at cartridge filter inlet. Stoichiometric control: ~1.47 mg SBS per mg Cl₂. ORP (redox) monitoring at mixer exit (<200 mV target). Wide turndown — stoichiometric dose must track flow changes.
Preferred MOC: 316SS or GRP. PVDF injection quill. Avoid copper and brass alloys (SBS attack).
ORP monitoring point located 5D downstream of mixer exit for reliable Cl₂ depletion confirmation. Non-return valve on injection line. Underdosing is irreversible membrane damage — redundant metering pump recommended.